Why do people believe that the Earth is 4.5 billion years old? Why the Earth can not be 4.5 billion years old. How old is our planet? How old is our planet? Why do not people see the truth?
Erosion of the continents
Water sediments destroy the surface of continental plates. Together with the rivers in the sea and the oceans a "hard sediment" is carried out. How long does it take to completely destroy the surface part of the continents? I'll estimate the time left before the complete destruction of the land.
Estimated calculation of continental erosion for the whole Earth
Initial data:
The solid runoff of the 22 largest rivers of the planet is 5,5146 * 10 ^ 12 kg.
The total basin of 22 rivers is 46.8 million km2.
The average density of the continents is 2.75 tons / m3.
The volume of the surface part of the continents is 128 636 000 km3.
Reference. Continents:
Asia - 42 180 000 km3.
America - 27,365,000 km3.
Africa - 22,425,000 km3.
Europe - 3 060 000 km3.
Australia and Oceania - 3 026 000 km3.
Antarctica - 30 580 000 km3.
Sediment volume:
5,5146 * 10 ^ 12 kg / 2750 kg / m3 = 2 005 309 091 m3 = 2, 005 km3.
The unrecorded rivers ratio is 149 million km2 / 46.8 million km2 = 3.1834.
Duration of erosion, up to the present level of the ocean:
128 636 000 km3 / (2, 005 km3 * 3.1834) = 20,150,000 years.
Before the total destruction of the entire volume of continental plates to the present level of the world ocean, with the observed rate of erosion, 20 150 000 years are needed.
Taking into account the rise in the water level of the world's oceans, due to the "hard removal" of rivers, the land will disappear at an altitude of 251 meters, higher than today's.
This will happen in 14,210,000 years ~ 15,000,000 years.
Time of existence of land on Earth
Since the erosion began, ~ 4 million years have passed.
Until the complete disappearance of the continents, there are ~ 15,000,000 years left.
In total, from the onset of erosion to the completion of ~ 19,000,000 years. This is the term that was allocated by the Cosmos for the evolution of terrestrial forms of cellular life, on Earth. 22% of the time from the full term has already been exhausted.
ARGUMENTS AND FACTS (Evidence)
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-01. Table 22 of the largest rivers.
In the table:
Columns 1,2,3,4 - reference data.
Columns 5 ÷ 10, data obtained by calculation from reference.
Column 10 - the ratio of the volume of water in the drain to the volume of solid removal. The rivers are ordered by this parameter. The rivers are cleaner than the average value - the blue color of the font. Rivers are dirty than average - red.
We transform this table by streamlining the rivers by the parameter of column 9 - the amount of flow in m3 from each square kilometer of the river basin.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-02. Table 22 of the largest rivers.
It can be seen from the table that the greatest amount of precipitation falls in the Amazon basin (column 9). Hence, the degree of erosion of the continental slab in the basin of this river should be the highest.
We calculate the degree of erosion within the boundaries of the basin of each of the rivers.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-03. Table of rivers. Erosion in the basins.
The table shows the erosion of the continental slab in meters, for the indicated period, for the area of the basin of each river. Erosion is the amount by which the continental slab decreases, on average for the entire area, in meters.
It can be seen from the table that erosion in the Amazon basin is not the greatest. At the same rate as now, the observed erosion of 100 ÷ 400 meters could occur over a time of 4 ÷ 14 million years.
But the rate of erosion depends on the hardness of the rocks of the continental slab, and the hardness rises with depth. This means that the uppermost layers should collapse more quickly.
The Amazon basin shows how the rate of erosion slows down with depth. Precipitation there is so great that they have already washed the sedimentary shield of the Ancient Planet. And now more dense matter is blurring, at a lower rate.
Ample precipitations in the Amazon basin wash the soil so intensely that plants experience hunger for minerals. In this connection, some plants have adapted to receive minerals from of insects.
Photo-04. A plant that feeds on insects. Venerina Mukholovka (Dionea).
Can the age of the Earth be 4,500 million years?
We arrange the data by the values of the 6th column.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-05. Erosion in river basins.
From the table:
The lithospheric plate in the Amazon basin must collapse to a depth of 113 kilometers. What is not observed (column 9). On average, for 22 rivers, the degree of destruction of the continental slab should be 192 kilometers, which is not observed.
Raising the waters of the world ocean because of the removal of rivers.
The solid outflow of rivers has a volume of more than 6 km3 per year. This volume of rocks displaces water. The level of the world's ocean is rising. The rate of increase in the water level of the world ocean is lower than the rate of destruction of land, in the proportion in which the ocean area is larger than the land area - 2.4228188 times.
For 4500 million years, the water level of the world's oceans should have risen 79 kilometers !!! What is not observed.
Destruction of the Himalayas
The Himalayas are destroyed by the Ganges, Huanghe, Indus, Yangtze, Mekong rivers.
It can be seen from the table that over 4,500 million years, the Himalayas should lose at an altitude of 937 kilometers. What is not observed.
The most probable period of erosion for the Himalayas is in the range of 4 ÷ 14 million years - the 6 and 7 columns.
Counterarguments.
In previous publications of this article, readers formulated several counter arguments, on the basis of which my conclusions can not be interpreted in the way I did.
- Volcanoes.
- Space dust, meteors.
- Organic.
- Surfacing the continents.
Volcanoes.
Lava eruption 1,5 km3 / year - above-water and 15 km3 / year underwater.
Underwater lava outpourings do not form a new land. Just one part of matter, has changed with another part of matter, in places.
Surface eruptions of 1.5 km3 / year are significant. But less than 6 km3 / year of observed erosion. This means that they do not compensate for the loss of continental plates in the long term. And this growth occurs not in the region of continental plates, but in the area of oceanic, volcanic islands. What has nothing to do with the continents.
Continents do not grow, but only collapse.
Space dust, meteors.
From space to Earth, 400 tons of dust and 10 tons of meteors per day settle. The annual output is 149 650 tons. This is 117,300 times less than destroyed by rivers. That is, the cosmic dust can not explain the hard removal in the absence of erosion.
Organic.
It is assumed that not all solid removal consists of minerals. The most part is organic. And it is weighed wet. If we weigh the organic matter dry, then the mass of solid removal will be much less. And the assessment of erosion rates should be reduced.
To explain 4,500 million years of the Earth's existence, it is necessary that the solid removal is reduced by 1000 times !!!
Firstly, I doubt that the researchers of solid removal weighed the sediment wet.
Secondly, not all 100% of solid removals are plants. There are all the same minerals.
Thirdly, even if in plants 99% of water, to reduce the assessment of hard removal will be only 99 times, still lacks the same order. That is 450 million years before the complete destruction of the continents, but not 4,500.
But the complete destruction of the continents has not yet been observed.
Surfacing the continents.
The essence of the counter-argument is that as the erosion, the continent becomes lighter and emerges from the basaltic magma, in which it floats like an iceberg in the water.
- The thickness of the continents is 35 kilometers. And erosion for 4500 million years should be 192 kilometers. There is not enough thickness of the continents to explain the supposed age
of the Earth.
- On the surface of the continental plates there is still a sedimentary cover formed at the bottom of the sea of the Ancient Planet. It has not yet been destroyed by erosion, and we live
on the very surface of the former
seabed.
- A hard take-up raises the level of the ocean. Even if the continents emerge, for 4500 million years, the ocean floor should increase precipitation, the average thickness of 79 kilometers. What is not observed. There is no such thick sedimentary layer at the bottom of the world ocean.
Where does the estimate of the age of the Earth in 4,500 million years come from?
Methods of dating
- Age of the Sun
- Time of radioactive half-life of chemical elements.
Age of the Sun.
Was calculated on the spent thermonuclear fuel.
It is assumed that the age of the Earth can not be greater than the age of the Sun.
And the age of the Sun is 5 billion years.
Dating of volcanic stone samples.
About the age of the Earth, a man made a presentation after the natural radioactivity was discovered and the half-life for radioactive chemical elements was calculated. That is, the age of the Earth is a recent knowledge. He is about 100 years old. Numerous samples of rocks of volcanic origin were investigated, the oldest of which showed an age of 4,500 million years.
Accordingly, the Earth, as a planet, can not be older than the age of the rocks that it consists of.
This logic is correct. But! This is the age of the Earth, not of the planet, but of the material from which it consists. Can we say that the age of the stones and the age of the Earth, like planets, are the same ?!
An analogy error.
- Dating of fossils by the dating of the "layer".
- Antiquity of the chronological scale.
I am presented as an argument that there is a chronological scale of the evolution of genetic life forms. Very accurate. And according to it, there was no such global cataclysm in the history of the Earth 4 ÷ 14 million years ago.
I figured out how the dating of fossil samples is made. And he was shocked. It turns out that fossil samples are not being investigated, because there is no method for this. A study of samples of volcanic stones in the layer of soil, where they found a fossil sample.
It turns out the situation from an anecdote: "What are you looking for? Purse. Why under the street lamp? Because it's light here. "
The analogy is so. "What do we measure? Age of the fossil sample. And why are we studying the stones, not the sample? Because there is a method for determining the age of stones, and there is no method for determining the age of fossil specimens. "
The chronology of paleontology is based not on facts, but on delusion.
I will explain an example.
A group of tourists breaks tents into the mountain gorge for the night. At night an earthquake. A landslide is coming down and the camp is falling asleep. For hundreds of years, the remains of the camp with tourists rests under a thick layer of soil. And now, the remains of tourists, washed by the river, are discovered on the surface by modern archaeologists. They take samples of stones in which tourists are found, are investigated "very accurately" by methods: uranium-lead, or potassium-argon. And get the age of the "layer" - 99 ± 0.6 million years!!! They conclude: "The remains of tourists 99 ± 0.6 million years." The next conclusion is that people like us lived 99 million years ago !!!
So, the method of radioactive dating gives the age of volcanic rocks from the moment of eruption by their volcano. It is logical to assume that this is the age limit for a fossil sample. The real age lies in the range from one year to the age limit of the volcanic sample. The age of the fossil sample can be any, in this range. To assert that it is equal to the limit is a logical error.
DURATION OF THE DESTRUCTION OF CONTINENTS
Duration of destruction can be calculated separately for each continent.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-07. Africa.
The continent's volume is 22,425,000 km3.
The average erosion rate is 0.369 km3 / year.
Time to complete destruction of 22 425 000 km3. / 0.369 km3 / year = 60,772,000 years.
The duration of the complete destruction of Africa is 60,772,000 years.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-08. Australia and Oceania.
The volume is 3,026,000 km3.
The average erosion rate is 0.096 km3 / year.
Time to complete destruction of 3 026 000 km3. / 0,096 km3 / year = 31,421,000 years.
The duration of complete destruction of Australia is 31,421,000 years.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-09. North and South America.
The volume of the continents is 27 365 000 km3.
The average erosion rate is 1.174 km3 / year.
Time to complete destruction of 27 365 000 km3. / 1,174 km3 / year = 23,303,000 years.
The duration of total destruction of the Americas is 23,303,000 years.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-10. Europe and Asia.
The continent's volume is 45 240 000 km3.
The average erosion rate is 4.107 km3 / year.
Time to complete destruction of 45,240,000 km3. / 4,107 km3 / year = 11,016,000 years.
The duration of complete destruction of EurAsia is 11 016 000 years.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-11. All continents, without Antarctica.
The volume of the continents is 128 636 000 km3.
The average erosion rate is 5.805 km3 / year.
Time to total destruction of 128 636 000 km3. / 5.805 km3 / year = 22,158,000 years.
The duration of total destruction of the continents of the Earth is 22,158,000 years.
Estimating the age of the Earth from the time of continental drift.
The drift distance is 5000 km. I estimate the prescription of the disaster by the duration of the slow phase. The divergence of the continents Africa and North America - 2500 km.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-12. Drift of the continents.
A modern estimate of the rate of continental removal is 2.5-7.5 cm / year.
At least 2'500'000 m / 0,075 m = 33'333'000 years.
The maximum is 2'500'000 m / 0.025 m = 100'000'000 years.
The real drift of the continents is less than 33 million years. Because the rate of drift immediately after the destruction of the Ancient Planet was much more modern. Thirty-three million years is the maximum estimate of the time that has passed since the destruction of the Ancient Planet.
A minimum estimate of the age of the Earth is provided by a method for estimating erosion rates.
Estimating the age of the Earth according to the amount of silt at the bottom of the ocean.
At the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean around the equator, about two kilometers of sedimentary rocks are observed.
The source for silt is:
- A firm take-off of rivers is 6.4 cubic kilometers per year.
- Eruption of underwater volcanoes of 15 cubic kilometers per year.
In the amount of 21.4 cubic kilometers per year.
Suppose that 2 kilometers of silt lies on a uniform layer at the bottom of the entire World Ocean.
The area of the oceans is 361,000,000 km2.
361 000 000 km2 * 2 km / 21.4 km3 = 33,738,318 years.
The maximum period of silt formation at the ocean floor is 34 million years with the current rates of volcanism and erosion. But the situation is the same as with the speed of continental drift. Immediately after the destruction of the Ancient Planet, volcanism was much more active than it is now. Sedimentary layer on the ocean floor formed faster than now. Most of the observed erosion of the continents is associated with the descent of "large water" from their surface during the destruction of the Ancient Planet.
Estimating the age of the Earth according to the amount of silt at the bottom of the World Ocean lasting 34 million years is the limit. The real age of the Earth is less than this marginal estimate.
How old is the Earth?
I noticed that in the recent past, there was a great catastrophe with the Earth. It was very important for me to assess the date of the disaster. The erosion method is not as obvious as it may seem. I came to him after several years of focused searches.
It's not my job to determine the age of the Earth with high accuracy. Let it be done by specialists and professionals. It is necessary to take into account the erosion of the coastline (??? km), wind erosion. Accurate definition of the moment of the disaster can be very time consuming.
It is not my job to explain "when dinosaurs lived", how organisms survived after such a global catastrophe as life in all the observed diversity was restored, in such a "short" time.
My task is to show that there is a serious mistake in the person's ideas about the age of the Earth. I did it.
The result
The earth can not be 4,500 million years old.
The most probable age of the Earth, after the destruction of the Ancient Planet, is between 4 000 000 years and 15 000 000 years.
The firmament on our planet is not eternal. Erosion occurs intensively, destroying the surface part of the continents. A solid sediment displaces water, leading to a rise in the level of the World Ocean. On average, until the disappearance of land remains 15 million years. And this is an inexorable reality!
The area of warm shallow seas after 15 million years will be huge.
Age of the planet "Earth". Photo-13. Erosion of the continents and the rising of the waters of the World Ocean.
Of mammals, dolphins will live and thrive on Earth. There is no place for man in the world of the future.
The scientific representation of man about the actual reality of the Cosmos is very young. People began to form knowledge only 500 years ago. Representations are dynamically changing in connection with new scientific discoveries. I call on people to take into account new facts about the age of the Earth and the reasons for its origin.
Formal logic:
- The theory or hypothesis is considered true until it is refuted.
- Confirmation of the hypothesis is impossible.
- Only a refutation is possible, on the basis of establishing the falsity of the consequences that follow.
The hypothesis about the age of the Earth in 4,500 million years is refuted by the fact of erosion. Truth is no longer.